On the Way to Improve Diagnostic Marker Panel for Acute Appendicitis in Adults: the Role of Calprotectin

Abstract Calprotectin is a positive acute-phase protein participating in innate immune responses and inflammatory processes. This produced mainly neutrophils, which infiltrate inflamed tissues then increase the level of calprotectin plasma, urine, or body secretions. Its measurement used diagnosis many diseases gastrointestinal tract. Here, we reviewed studies evaluating utility when patient suspected acute appendicitis, one most common causes abdominal pain. Fecal serum provide clinicians additional information as compared to routinely performed laboratory analyses. Moreover, among all forms protein, fecal seems be particularly promising biomarker due its high resistance degradation stool. In future, innovative methods form neural networks may play valuable role developing such panels. These findings are important because current literature showed that sensitive specific markers appendicitis still urgently needed.